{ "schemaVersion": 1, "slug": "the-life-and-adventures-of-robinson-crusoe-pg521", "title": "The Life and Adventures of Robinson Crusoe", "author": "Daniel Defoe", "language": "en", "spoilers": true, "characters": [ { "name": "Professor Michael S. Hart", "aliases": [], "description": "Originator of the Project Gutenberg concept, a library of electronic works freely shared with the public. For forty years, he produced and distributed Project Gutenberg eBooks with volunteer support." }, { "name": "Robinson Crusoe", "aliases": [ "Robinson Kreutznaer", "Crusoe", "Bob", "Seignior Inglese", "Mr. Englishman" ], "description": "The first-person narrator and protagonist, stranded on an island for nearly twenty-eight years. He leaves some mutineers there, returns to England, recovers his Brazilian fortune, and later revisits the island and helps establish a colony." }, { "name": "Friday", "aliases": [ "the savage Robinson rescues", "Robinson’s man Friday" ], "description": "A man Robinson rescued and named Friday, now his devoted companion and skilled marksman. He travels with Robinson to Europe and saves their guide from a wolf, then kills a bear during their journey through the mountains." }, { "name": "The mutineers’ captain", "aliases": [ "the ship’s captain", "the captain", "the commander of the ship" ], "description": "The English captain whose crew mutinies and sets him ashore with his mate and a passenger. With Robinson’s help he defeats the mutineers and recovers his ship, then carries Robinson to England and later meets him again in Lisbon." }, { "name": "The captain’s mate", "aliases": [ "the mate" ], "description": "The unnamed mate of the mutinied ship, who was put ashore with the captain and a passenger and helped recover the ship. His later fate is not stated in this passage." }, { "name": "The passenger put ashore with the captain", "aliases": [ "the passenger" ], "description": "An unnamed passenger set ashore with the captain and mate after the mutiny. His later fate is not stated in this passage." }, { "name": "The two men delivered with the captain", "aliases": [ "the captain’s two men", "the two other men" ], "description": "Two unnamed men put ashore with the captain and passenger after the mutiny. Their later fate is not stated in this passage." }, { "name": "The three prisoners put ashore by the mutineers", "aliases": [ "the captain and his two men" ], "description": "The ship’s captain, his mate, and a passenger, whom the mutineers brought ashore as prisoners. Robinson helped them defeat their captors and recover the ship." }, { "name": "The three mutineers who later submit", "aliases": [ "the three straggling men" ], "description": "Three unnamed crew members who returned after the first mutineers were defeated and submitted to the captain. They were held on the island." }, { "name": "The ten armed sailors from the ship", "aliases": [ "the ten men in the second boat" ], "description": "Ten unnamed sailors sent from the ship to investigate the missing boat and crew. Robinson’s party overcame them; several were kept as prisoners." }, { "name": "The two mutineers taken into Robinson’s service", "aliases": [ "the two prisoners serving Robinson" ], "description": "Two captured mutineers who joined Robinson’s party after promising loyalty. They helped defend the island and recover the ship." }, { "name": "The boatswain", "aliases": [ "the chief officer among the mutineers", "the principal ringleader of the mutiny" ], "description": "The ship’s boatswain and principal mutiny leader, who came ashore with the second armed party. The captain and Friday killed him during the night attack." }, { "name": "Will Fry", "aliases": [ "Will Fry" ], "description": "A mutineer wounded during the night attack on the second group of sailors. The captain identified him as one of the men who must not be spared; his later fate is not stated here." }, { "name": "Tom Smith", "aliases": [ "Smith" ], "description": "A sailor among the mutineers who persuaded his companions to lay down their arms after hearing the boatswain was dead and Will Fry wounded. He was later released on Robinson’s island." }, { "name": "Will Atkins", "aliases": [ "Atkins" ], "description": "A mutineer who first seized and mistreated the captain during the mutiny. He was held prisoner and is among the men Robinson later frees to remain on the island." }, { "name": "The three mutineers held as hostages", "aliases": [ "the five hostages" ], "description": "Three mutineers kept in Robinson’s cave as hostages while five released prisoners helped the captain recover the ship. They are later discharged after their comrades keep their promise." }, { "name": "The new rebel captain", "aliases": [ "the rebel captain" ], "description": "An unnamed mutineer who took command of the ship after the original captain was put ashore. The captain’s mate killed him during the assault to retake the ship, and his body was hanged at the yard-arm." }, { "name": "The ship’s second mate", "aliases": [ "the second mate" ], "description": "An unnamed officer aboard the ship who was knocked down during the assault to recover it. His later fate is not stated here." }, { "name": "The ship’s carpenter", "aliases": [ "the carpenter" ], "description": "An unnamed crew member aboard the ship who was knocked down during the assault to recover it. His later fate is not stated here." }, { "name": "The boy aboard the ship during the mutiny", "aliases": [ "the boy in the round-house" ], "description": "An unnamed boy who was with the rebel captain and two men in the ship’s round-house when the captain’s party attacked. He was among those who yielded when the rebel captain was killed." }, { "name": "The five mutineers left on the island", "aliases": [ "the five men" ], "description": "Five mutineers whom Robinson frees after the captain retakes the ship, allowing them to remain on the island rather than face trial in England. Two soon return to the ship, complaining that the other three threaten them; they are taken back aboard, punished, and later prove quiet and honest." }, { "name": "The two mutineers who return to the ship", "aliases": [ "the two of the five men" ], "description": "Two of the five mutineers Robinson left on the island. They swim to the ship seeking protection from the other three, then are taken aboard, punished, and become quiet and honest." }, { "name": "The three mutineers who remain on the island", "aliases": [ "the other three" ], "description": "Three of the five mutineers Robinson frees to live on the island. The other two claim these men threatened to murder them; the passage does not confirm the accusation." }, { "name": "The seventeen bearded men", "aliases": [ "the white men rescued by Friday’s nation", "the white men from the boat", "the seventeen Spaniards" ], "description": "Seventeen unnamed European men whom Friday says his people rescued from drowning. Robinson expects them to come to his island; after he leaves, they arrive and become part of the island colony." }, { "name": "Friday’s father", "aliases": [ "the old savage", "the old man" ], "description": "Friday’s father, whom Robinson and Friday rescued from captivity. He travelled with the Spaniard to bring the Spaniard’s stranded countrymen to the island; his later fate is not specified." }, { "name": "The Spaniard", "aliases": [ "the European prisoner rescued by Robinson and Friday", "the white man", "the bearded man", "the poor Christian" ], "description": "An unnamed Spanish man whom Robinson and Friday rescued from sacrifice. He went with Friday’s father to bring his stranded countrymen to the island, where he later lived as part of the colony." }, { "name": "The Spanish and Portuguese settlers on the island", "aliases": [ "the Spaniards", "the poor Spaniards" ], "description": "The Spaniard’s countrymen, including Spanish and Portuguese survivors whom Robinson helped bring to the island. They later became established settlers and eventually subdued the Englishmen who had been left there." }, { "name": "The English mutineers left on the island", "aliases": [ "the villains I left there", "the Englishmen" ], "description": "The mutineers Robinson left on the island after the captain retook his ship. They first mistreated the Spaniards, later fought among themselves, and eventually were subdued by the Spaniards." }, { "name": "The Caribbeans who invade the island", "aliases": [ "the Caribbees" ], "description": "A group that landed on the island several times and fought with its settlers. On one later invasion, three hundred came, destroyed plantations, and were eventually nearly all killed or starved after a storm wrecked their canoes." }, { "name": "The island settlers’ first casualty", "aliases": [ "one of them killed" ], "description": "An unnamed settler killed during the first defeat in the islanders’ fight against the Caribbeans. The passage does not identify which settler it was." }, { "name": "The new guide", "aliases": [ "the guide" ], "description": "An unnamed guide who leads Robinson’s travelling party across the Pyrenees after heavy snow blocks the usual route. He is attacked and wounded by wolves, and Friday kills the wolf that has him." }, { "name": "Robinson’s other servant", "aliases": [ "the English sailor" ], "description": "An unnamed English sailor Robinson hires as a servant for the overland journey from Lisbon to England. He helps fend off the wolves and lays a train of gunpowder during the attack." }, { "name": "Robinson’s two hostages", "aliases": [ "the two hostages" ], "description": "Two mutineers held as hostages in Robinson’s cave while their comrades help retake the ship. They are discharged after the released men keep their promise." }, { "name": "The captain’s son", "aliases": [ "the old captain’s son" ], "description": "The son of the Portuguese captain who rescued Robinson and Xury. He took over his father’s ship and continued trading with Brazil; Robinson later travels with him on a voyage to the East Indies." }, { "name": "The Portuguese captain", "aliases": [ "the Portuguese ship’s captain", "the captain who rescued Robinson" ], "description": "A charitable, honest captain who rescued Robinson and Xury, carried them to Brazil, and helped Robinson with his plantation affairs. Reunited with Robinson in Lisbon, he repaid money he held for him, arranged the recovery of his Brazilian assets, and received a lifelong annuity; he is also Robinson’s heir under an earlier will." }, { "name": "The first Guinea captain’s widow", "aliases": [ "the English captain’s widow", "the gentlewoman", "the ancient widow", "the good ancient widow", "the faithful steward" ], "description": "The widow of Robinson’s first Guinea captain, who held his money in trust and later helped arrange goods for his Brazilian plantation. When Robinson returns to England in poverty, he helps her; she later becomes his trusted guide and adviser, safeguarding his property." }, { "name": "The survivors of Robinson’s merchant-trustees", "aliases": [ "the two merchant-trustees", "the survivors of my two trustees" ], "description": "Two unnamed merchants in Brazil whose fathers had been trustees of Robinson’s plantation. They send accounts and the proceeds owed to him, then buy his estate when he decides to sell it." }, { "name": "The merchant-trustees’ fathers", "aliases": [ "Robinson’s two trustees" ], "description": "Two unnamed merchants who served as trustees for Robinson’s share of the Brazilian plantation. They accounted for its produce before the government took over administration." }, { "name": "Robinson’s plantation partner", "aliases": [ "the partner" ], "description": "The unnamed partner who managed the Brazilian plantation with Robinson. He kept it productive, reported its earnings, and wrote to welcome Robinson back; he later bought Robinson’s share with the surviving merchant-trustees." }, { "name": "The procurator-fiscal", "aliases": [ "the procurator-fiscal" ], "description": "An unnamed Brazilian official who administered the income from Robinson’s plantation after he was presumed dead. The income was allocated partly to the king and partly to a monastery." }, { "name": "The Prior of St. Augustine", "aliases": [ "the prior", "the good padre" ], "description": "An unnamed prior whose monastery received part of the proceeds from Robinson’s plantation while he was presumed dead. He honestly reported undistributed money and later received Robinson’s thanks and a donation for the monastery and the poor." }, { "name": "The steward of the king’s revenue from lands", "aliases": [ "the king’s land-revenue steward" ], "description": "An unnamed official who, with the monastery’s steward, ensured that Robinson’s partner gave a faithful annual account of the plantation’s produce." }, { "name": "The providore of the monastery", "aliases": [ "the monastery’s steward" ], "description": "An unnamed steward of the monastery of St. Augustine, who helped ensure the plantation’s annual produce was properly accounted for while Robinson was presumed dead." }, { "name": "Robinson’s wife", "aliases": [], "description": "An unnamed woman Robinson marries after returning to England. Their marriage is described as satisfying, and they have three children; she later dies." }, { "name": "Robinson’s three children", "aliases": [ "two sons and one daughter" ], "description": "Robinson’s unnamed two sons and one daughter, born during his marriage in England. Their names and later lives are not given." }, { "name": "Robinson’s eldest nephew", "aliases": [ "the eldest nephew", "the eldest of Robinson’s two nephews" ], "description": "The eldest of Robinson’s two nephews, one of his deceased brother’s children. Robinson raises him as a gentleman and provides an addition to his estate after Robinson’s death." }, { "name": "Robinson’s younger nephew", "aliases": [ "the other nephew", "Robinson’s nephew who goes to sea" ], "description": "The younger of Robinson’s two nephews, whom Robinson places with a ship’s captain. After five years he proves sensible, bold, and enterprising, becomes a ship’s captain, and persuades Robinson to join a later trading voyage." }, { "name": "The ship’s captain who trains Robinson’s younger nephew", "aliases": [ "the captain of a ship" ], "description": "An unnamed captain with whom Robinson places his younger nephew. The nephew serves with him for five years before Robinson entrusts him with a good ship." }, { "name": "The English gentleman travelling with Robinson", "aliases": [ "the son of a merchant in Lisbon" ], "description": "An unnamed English gentleman, son of a merchant in Lisbon, who joins Robinson’s overland journey from Lisbon to England." }, { "name": "The two English merchants travelling with Robinson", "aliases": [ "the two merchants" ], "description": "Two unnamed English merchants who join Robinson’s overland party from Lisbon to England. Each shares a servant with one of the Portuguese gentlemen." }, { "name": "The two Portuguese gentlemen travelling with Robinson", "aliases": [ "the two young Portuguese gentlemen" ], "description": "Two unnamed young Portuguese gentlemen who travel with Robinson’s party as far as Paris." }, { "name": "The four French gentlemen", "aliases": [ "the French travellers" ], "description": "Four unnamed French gentlemen who, after snow blocks the mountain passes, find a guide and explain a safer route across the Pyrenees to Robinson’s party." }, { "name": "The other twelve travellers", "aliases": [ "the twelve other gentlemen" ], "description": "Twelve unnamed French and Spanish gentlemen, accompanied by servants, who join Robinson’s party and follow the guide across the mountains." }, { "name": "The merchant who writes to London", "aliases": [ "the Lisbon merchant" ], "description": "An unnamed merchant in Lisbon who writes to his London correspondent at Robinson’s request, arranging money and assistance for the captain’s widow." }, { "name": "The London correspondent", "aliases": [ "the correspondent in London" ], "description": "An unnamed correspondent asked by the Lisbon merchant to find Robinson’s captain’s widow, deliver money, and comfort her." }, { "name": "The physician in Lisbon", "aliases": [ "the physician" ], "description": "An unnamed physician summoned when Robinson becomes ill from the sudden joy of learning the extent of his recovered fortune. He orders Robinson to be bled, after which Robinson improves." }, { "name": "The man the wolves attack", "aliases": [ "the poor guide" ], "description": "The unnamed guide leading Robinson’s travelling party across the Pyrenees. A wolf attacks him and his horse, but Friday shoots the animal and saves him; the guide is badly bitten and cannot continue." }, { "name": "The servant holding Friday’s horse", "aliases": [ "my other servant" ], "description": "An unnamed servant in Robinson’s travelling party who holds Friday’s horse while Friday approaches a bear. He later helps lay a train of gunpowder to repel attacking wolves." }, { "name": "The man killed by wolves near the mountain pass", "aliases": [ "one of the two men" ], "description": "An unnamed traveller found dead beside a horse at the entrance to a wood, his upper body eaten by wolves. A fired gun lies nearby." }, { "name": "The second man killed by wolves near the mountain pass", "aliases": [ "the other man" ], "description": "An unnamed man found dead with another traveller beside a horse at the entrance to a wood, eaten by wolves." }, { "name": "The horse pursued by wolves", "aliases": [ "the horse with a saddle and bridle" ], "description": "An unnamed saddled and bridled horse that bursts from the wood while pursued by wolves. Its fate is not stated." }, { "name": "The bear Friday kills", "aliases": [ "the monstrous bear" ], "description": "A large bear encountered during the journey across the Pyrenees. Friday teases it into climbing a tree, then shoots it as it climbs down." }, { "name": "The wolf attacking the guide", "aliases": [ "the wolf Friday shoots" ], "description": "A wolf that attacks the guide and his horse on the mountain road. Friday rides up and shoots it in the head." }, { "name": "The wolf that attacks the guide’s horse", "aliases": [ "the other wolf" ], "description": "A wolf that fastens onto the guide’s horse during the attack. It flees after Friday shoots the other wolf." }, { "name": "The dead horse eaten by wolves", "aliases": [ "the poor horse" ], "description": "A horse killed by wolves and found in a clearing, where a pack is picking its bones." }, { "name": "The man who fires a gun in the wood", "aliases": [ "the man whose body is found by the horse" ], "description": "An unnamed man whose gunshot is heard in the wood before a saddled horse runs out pursued by wolves. His body is found nearby, partly eaten." }, { "name": "The two sisters Robinson finds in England", "aliases": [ "Robinson’s two sisters" ], "description": "Robinson’s two unnamed sisters, whom he finds alive after returning to England. He sends them money; one is widowed and the other has an unkind husband." }, { "name": "The husband of Robinson’s widowed sister", "aliases": [ "the deceased husband of one sister" ], "description": "An unnamed man, formerly married to one of Robinson’s sisters. He is dead by the time Robinson returns to England." }, { "name": "The husband of Robinson’s other sister", "aliases": [ "the unkind brother-in-law" ], "description": "An unnamed man married to one of Robinson’s sisters, whom Robinson describes as not treating her as kindly as he should." }, { "name": "The children of Robinson’s eldest brother", "aliases": [ "two of the children of one of my brothers" ], "description": "Two unnamed children of Robinson’s deceased eldest brother. One is Robinson’s nephew whom he raises; the passage does not identify the other’s later life." }, { "name": "The four French gentlemen’s guide", "aliases": [ "the guide who knows the safer mountain route" ], "description": "An unnamed guide who shows four French gentlemen a safer route across the snow-covered mountains. Robinson’s party hires him to lead them over the Pyrenees." }, { "name": "The Spanish captain’s owners", "aliases": [ "the owners of the ship" ], "description": "Unnamed owners of the ship Robinson helped the English captain recover. They hear the captain’s account of Robinson’s rescue of the crew and ship and reward him with nearly £200." }, { "name": "The English sailor who joins Robinson’s overland party", "aliases": [ "the English sailor" ], "description": "An unnamed sailor Robinson hires as a servant for the journey from Lisbon to England. He is distinct from the ship’s crewmen mentioned earlier." }, { "name": "The old man of the mountain village", "aliases": [ "the guide at the village" ], "description": "An unnamed local guide hired after the first guide is too injured to continue. He leads Robinson’s party onward to Toulouse." }, { "name": "The people of the mountain village", "aliases": [ "the country people" ], "description": "Unnamed villagers who are terrified by wolves and bears that have been attacking livestock and people during the severe winter." }, { "name": "Robinson’s three plantation workmen", "aliases": [ "the two workmen", "the carpenter and a smith" ], "description": "An unnamed carpenter and smith whom Robinson brings from England to the island colony to help the settlers." }, { "name": "The seven women sent to the island", "aliases": [ "the women from Brazil" ], "description": "Seven unnamed women Robinson sends from Brazil to the island, chosen for service or as possible wives for settlers willing to marry." }, { "name": "The eleven mainland captives", "aliases": [ "the eleven men and five women prisoners" ], "description": "Eleven unnamed men and five unnamed women whom five islanders capture during an expedition to the mainland. Their arrival contributes to the island’s growing population." }, { "name": "The five islanders who raid the mainland", "aliases": [ "the five of them" ], "description": "Five unnamed settlers who make an expedition to the mainland and bring back eleven men and five women as prisoners." }, { "name": "The people of the Caribbean coast", "aliases": [ "the cannibals" ], "description": "People Robinson calls cannibals who visit the island to kill and eat prisoners. Friday’s father says the four survivors of the recent attack may have told their people that spirits guard the island, which keeps them from returning." }, { "name": "God", "aliases": [ "the Lord", "Providence", "the great Preserver", "the wise Governor of all things", "the true God" ], "description": "The divine being whom Robinson credits with preserving him and guiding events. Robinson sees his rescue of the ship’s captain as further evidence of God’s providence." }, { "name": "The three prisoners at the later feast", "aliases": [ "the three captives" ], "description": "Three unnamed captives brought ashore by the visitors during a later feast; Robinson observes that they intend to kill and eat all three. Two are rescued: the Spaniard and Friday’s father." }, { "name": "The two men sent to butcher the European prisoner", "aliases": [ "the two butchers" ], "description": "Two unnamed members of the visiting group sent to untie the European prisoner and prepare him for the feast. They flee when Robinson and Friday attack." }, { "name": "The three prisoners brought to the island", "aliases": [ "the three human bodies" ], "description": "Three unnamed prisoners brought ashore by the visitors during a later feast. One has already been killed when Robinson and Friday arrive; the other two are rescued: the Spaniard and Friday’s father." }, { "name": "The people of Friday’s nation", "aliases": [ "Friday’s nation", "Friday’s people" ], "description": "The people among whom Friday was captured in battle and who later defeated their enemies elsewhere. Friday’s father believes the recent survivors may have frightened them away from the island by describing Robinson and Friday’s weapons as supernatural powers." }, { "name": "The four survivors of the island attack", "aliases": [ "the four men who escaped the sea" ], "description": "Four unnamed members of the group that brought prisoners to the island, who escaped by canoe after Robinson and Friday attacked. Friday’s father thinks their account of the attack may have convinced their people that spirits guard the island." }, { "name": "The sixteen stranded Spaniards and Portuguese", "aliases": [ "the Spaniard’s countrymen", "the sixteen more of his countrymen and Portuguese" ], "description": "Sixteen unnamed men from a wrecked Spanish ship, including Spanish and Portuguese sailors, stranded on the cannibal coast. Robinson sends the Spaniard and Friday’s father to bring them to the island after provisions are prepared." }, { "name": "The five Portuguese seamen from the wreck", "aliases": [ "the Portuguese seamen" ], "description": "Five unnamed Portuguese sailors whom the Spaniard says had been taken aboard his wrecked ship from another wreck. They are among the survivors stranded on the cannibal coast." }, { "name": "The eleven English sailors who land on the island", "aliases": [ "the mutineers" ], "description": "The English crew members who come ashore, including three prisoners—the captain, his mate, and a passenger—and their mutinous captors. Robinson and the captain divide them, disarm them, and enlist some to help retake the ship." }, { "name": "The two ringleader mutineers", "aliases": [ "the two desperate villains" ], "description": "Two unnamed mutineers whom the captain considers too dangerous to spare. One is killed and the other badly wounded when the captain’s men attack." }, { "name": "The three mutineers who awake first", "aliases": [ "the first two seamen to awake", "the other seaman who was awake" ], "description": "Three unnamed members of the mutinous crew who wake before the others. Two escape the first attack; the third is slightly wounded and later captured." }, { "name": "The first group of mutineers captured ashore", "aliases": [ "the five mutineers" ], "description": "Five unnamed mutineers captured by Robinson, the captain, and their allies after the captain’s landing. They are bound and held on the island." }, { "name": "The three honest sailors among the ten", "aliases": [ "the three honest fellows" ], "description": "Three unnamed sailors in the second boat whom the captain believes were drawn into the conspiracy through fear. They are spared and help Robinson’s party." }, { "name": "The two mutineers sent to Robinson’s cave", "aliases": [ "the two prisoners held in the cave" ], "description": "Two unnamed captured mutineers whom Robinson sends to his cave under guard. They are kept as hostages while the captain prepares to recover the ship." }, { "name": "Jesus", "aliases": [ "Jesus, thou son of David", "the exalted Prince and Saviour", "Jesus Christ", "the Saviour of the world", "our blessed Redeemer" ], "description": "The Christian saviour whom Robinson teaches Friday was sent to redeem humanity. Friday receives this teaching with interest and becomes a Christian." }, { "name": "The man Friday rescues in Robinson’s dream", "aliases": [ "the savage in Robinson’s dream" ], "description": "An unnamed prisoner in Robinson’s dream, fleeing people who intend to kill and eat him. In the dream he takes shelter with Robinson and becomes his servant; the dream anticipates Friday’s rescue." }, { "name": "The first victim at the cannibals’ feast", "aliases": [ "the first of the two prisoners" ], "description": "An unnamed prisoner whom the island visitors knock down and butcher for their feast. Robinson watches from a distance." }, { "name": "The second victim at the cannibals’ feast", "aliases": [ "the fleeing prisoner", "Friday" ], "description": "A prisoner brought to the island to be killed and eaten who escapes and runs toward Robinson. Robinson saves him, and names him Friday because that is the day of his rescue." }, { "name": "Friday’s pursuer killed by Robinson", "aliases": [ "the man with the bow and arrow" ], "description": "An unnamed man pursuing Friday who aims an arrow at Robinson. Robinson shoots and kills him." }, { "name": "Friday’s pursuer knocked down by Robinson", "aliases": [ "the stunned pursuer" ], "description": "An unnamed man pursuing Friday whom Robinson strikes with his gunstock. After recovering, he is killed by Friday with Robinson’s sword." }, { "name": "The two women and child eaten by the cannibals", "aliases": [ "the two women and one child" ], "description": "Three unnamed people whom Friday says were among the twenty men, two women, and one child eaten at the island on a previous occasion." }, { "name": "The next king", "aliases": [ "Friday’s nation’s enemy king" ], "description": "An unnamed king whose subjects fought Friday’s people. Friday says his people captured many of the king’s subjects in battle." }, { "name": "The Oowokakee", "aliases": [ "the old men", "Friday’s people’s religious leaders" ], "description": "The elders or religious leaders among Friday’s people. Friday says only these old men go to the mountains to speak with Benamuckee and report back to the people." }, { "name": "Benamuckee", "aliases": [ "Friday’s people’s god" ], "description": "A very old being whom Friday’s people believe made the sea and land and receives the dead. Friday says he lives beyond all things, though the Oowokakee go to the mountains to speak with him." }, { "name": "The devil", "aliases": [ "the evil spirit" ], "description": "The evil spirit Robinson describes to Friday as God’s enemy and a tempter of humankind. Friday questions why God, being stronger, does not destroy him." }, { "name": "The parrot Robinson shoots", "aliases": [ "the great fowl Robinson mistakes for a hawk" ], "description": "A parrot that Robinson shoots while demonstrating his gun to Friday. It is wounded and flutters some distance before Friday retrieves it." }, { "name": "The she-goat from whom Robinson takes a kid", "aliases": [ "the mother goat" ], "description": "An unnamed female goat Robinson sees resting in the shade beside two kids. He shoots one of the kids to feed Friday." }, { "name": "The kid Robinson shoots for Friday", "aliases": [ "the young goat shot for food" ], "description": "A young goat Robinson shoots and cooks to introduce Friday to other meat. Friday enjoys the cooked meat and says he will no longer eat human flesh." }, { "name": "The dog", "aliases": [ "Robinson’s dog" ], "description": "Robinson’s loyal companion, now old and infirm, who sits by him at meals. It lived with him for sixteen years before dying of old age." }, { "name": "Poll", "aliases": [ "the parrot" ], "description": "Robinson’s tame parrot, whom he teaches to speak his name and repeat phrases. Poll lives with him for twenty-six years and is his most articulate talking companion." }, { "name": "The two ship’s cats", "aliases": [ "the cats" ], "description": "The two female cats Robinson originally brought ashore have both died and were buried near his home. Their descendants multiplied; Robinson kept a few tame cats, but eventually let most run wild and drowned the young of his favorites." }, { "name": "The second and third parrots", "aliases": [ "the two more parrots" ], "description": "Two parrots Robinson keeps after Poll. They talk fairly well and call out “Robin Crusoe,” though neither speaks as well as Poll." }, { "name": "The tame sea-fowls", "aliases": [ "the tame sea birds" ], "description": "Several unnamed sea-fowls Robinson catches, clips, and keeps near his home. They live and breed among the grove by his castle." }, { "name": "The drowned boy from the Spanish shipwreck", "aliases": [ "the corpse of a drowned boy" ], "description": "An unidentified boy whose body washes ashore from the Spanish shipwreck. He is wearing a seaman’s clothes and has two pieces of eight and a tobacco pipe in his pockets." }, { "name": "The dog rescued from the Spanish shipwreck", "aliases": [ "the dog aboard the wreck" ], "description": "A starving, thirsty dog Robinson finds alive aboard the wrecked Spanish ship. It jumps into his boat when called, and Robinson gives it food and water." }, { "name": "The two drowned sailors from the Spanish shipwreck", "aliases": [ "the two men drowned in the cook-room" ], "description": "Two unnamed sailors found dead aboard the wrecked Spanish ship, their arms locked around one another. Robinson takes shoes from drowned men aboard the wreck, but the text does not identify which of them." }, { "name": "The gunner’s mate", "aliases": [ "the owner of the second chest" ], "description": "An unnamed member of the Spanish ship’s crew, inferred by Robinson to have owned one of the chests he salvages. The chest contains clothes, some powder, and about fifty pieces of eight." }, { "name": "The young kid Robinson captures", "aliases": [ "the kid" ], "description": "A young goat Robinson rescued and raised tame. It lived with him until old age, then died; Robinson could never bring himself to kill it." }, { "name": "The old he-goat in the pitfall", "aliases": [ "the large old he-goat" ], "description": "A fierce wild goat Robinson catches in a pitfall but releases because he cannot safely bring it out alive. Robinson later realizes hunger might have made it tame." }, { "name": "The three kids in the pitfall", "aliases": [ "the male kid and two female kids" ], "description": "Three young goats, one male and two female, caught in Robinson’s pitfall. He ties them together, brings them home, and tames them as the beginning of his domestic flock." }, { "name": "The unnamed person whose footprint Robinson finds", "aliases": [ "the person who left the footprint" ], "description": "An unidentified person whose bare footprint Robinson discovers in the sand. Robinson fears it may belong to someone from the mainland, but the passage does not establish who made it." }, { "name": "The natives of those climates", "aliases": [ "the Indians" ], "description": "People Robinson cites as makers of canoes from tree trunks, whose methods inspire his own attempt. No individual is identified." }, { "name": "The negroes who make canoes", "aliases": [ "the negroes" ], "description": "A people Robinson refers to when comparing his imagined canoe-making advantages and difficulties with theirs. No individual is identified." }, { "name": "Solomon", "aliases": [], "description": "The biblical king whom Robinson invokes in a comparison, imagining that even Solomon may not have had a cedar as large as the tree he felled." }, { "name": "Father Abraham", "aliases": [ "Abraham" ], "description": "The biblical patriarch Robinson recalls as speaking to Dives about a great gulf between them." }, { "name": "Dives", "aliases": [], "description": "A biblical figure mentioned by Robinson in connection with Father Abraham and the gulf between them." }, { "name": "Elijah", "aliases": [], "description": "The biblical prophet whom Robinson recalls as being fed by ravens, comparing that provision with the way he believes God has sustained him." }, { "name": "The wild cat", "aliases": [ "the cat-like creature" ], "description": "A wild cat that once ate a piece of biscuit Robinson tossed it. He later shoots a wild cat of a kind he thinks differs from his European cats." }, { "name": "The dream messenger", "aliases": [ "the man in Robinson’s dream" ], "description": "A terrifying, radiant man who appears in Robinson’s fever dream, descends from a black cloud with a weapon, and warns that Robinson will die because he has not repented." }, { "name": "The returning cat", "aliases": [ "the cat that returned with three kittens" ], "description": "One of Robinson’s two ship’s cats, a female he had thought lost or dead, returns to his dwelling with three kittens." }, { "name": "The three kittens", "aliases": [ "the returning cat’s kittens" ], "description": "Three unnamed kittens brought home by one of Robinson’s ship’s cats. They begin the large population of cats that later becomes a nuisance to him." }, { "name": "The turtle Robinson finds on June 16", "aliases": [ "the large tortoise" ], "description": "A large female turtle Robinson finds by the shore and cooks for food. He discovers about sixty eggs inside her." }, { "name": "The she-goat killed during Robinson’s illness", "aliases": [], "description": "An unnamed female goat Robinson shoots for food while weakened by fever. He struggles to carry her home and broils some of her meat." }, { "name": "The three Brazilian planters", "aliases": [ "Robinson’s three planter acquaintances" ], "description": "Three unnamed merchants and planters who proposed a secret Guinea voyage to acquire enslaved Africans for their plantations. They invited Robinson to serve as supercargo and agreed to look after his plantation during his absence; they fitted out and loaded the ship for the voyage." }, { "name": "The master of Robinson’s Guinea ship", "aliases": [ "the master" ], "description": "The unnamed master of the ship carrying Robinson and the three Brazilian planters’ Guinea-trading cargo. After storms leave the vessel leaky and disabled, he consults Robinson about their course; the ship later founders on a sandbank." }, { "name": "The master’s boy", "aliases": [ "the boy" ], "description": "The unnamed boy aboard Robinson’s Guinea ship, who is washed overboard during the first storm." }, { "name": "The mate of Robinson’s Guinea ship", "aliases": [ "the mate" ], "description": "The unnamed mate aboard the ship who helps launch the remaining boat after it founders. He is among the eleven men who set out for shore; Robinson is the only one known to survive." }, { "name": "The ship’s gunner", "aliases": [ "the gunner" ], "description": "An unnamed member of the crew who kept some of the ship’s papers and supplies. Robinson searches for and salvages the gunner’s powder and weapons." }, { "name": "The ten shipmates drowned with Robinson’s crew", "aliases": [ "the other ten men in the boat" ], "description": "The ten unnamed men who leave the wreck in a boat with Robinson and are drowned when a great wave overturns it. Robinson later finds only scattered hats, a cap, and unmatched shoes as signs of the shipwrecked crew." }, { "name": "The unnamed crewman who cries “Land!”", "aliases": [ "the man who cried “Land!”" ], "description": "An unnamed sailor aboard Robinson’s ship who spots land shortly before the vessel strikes a sandbank." }, { "name": "The crewman who dies of calenture", "aliases": [ "the man who died of calenture" ], "description": "An unnamed sailor who dies of a fever during the first storm." }, { "name": "The she-goat", "aliases": [ "the dam" ], "description": "A female goat Robinson shoots for food. Her kid follows him to his enclosure, and he later kills it when it will not eat." }, { "name": "The injured goat", "aliases": [ "the young goat" ], "description": "A young goat Robinson brings home with a broken leg. He splints and nurses it until it recovers; it becomes tame and stays near his dwelling." }, { "name": "Crusoe’s father", "aliases": [], "description": "A wise, grave man from Bremen who settled in Hull and later York. He urges Robinson to remain in the comfortable middle station of life and warns that going to sea will bring misery." }, { "name": "Crusoe’s mother", "aliases": [], "description": "Robinson’s mother, whose family name is Robinson. She refuses to help persuade his father to let him go to sea and fears his choice will ruin him." }, { "name": "Robinson’s eldest brother", "aliases": [], "description": "An older brother who became a lieutenant-colonel in an English regiment in Flanders and was killed fighting the Spaniards near Dunkirk." }, { "name": "Robinson’s second brother", "aliases": [], "description": "An older brother whose fate is unknown to Robinson and his parents." }, { "name": "The companion who first takes Robinson to sea", "aliases": [ "Bob’s companion" ], "description": "A young seafarer and son of the ship’s master who invites Robinson aboard his father’s ship for the passage to London. After the shipwreck, he urges Robinson to return home." }, { "name": "The master of the London-bound ship", "aliases": [ "the companion’s father" ], "description": "The father of Robinson’s first seafaring companion. After the shipwreck, he warns Robinson that he should not go to sea and advises him to return to his parents." }, { "name": "The master of the Guinea-trading ship", "aliases": [ "Robinson’s first Guinea captain", "Robinson’s friend the captain" ], "description": "An honest, plain-dealing captain who befriends Robinson, teaches him navigation, and helps him profit from his first Guinea voyage. He dies soon after their return." }, { "name": "The mate who succeeds the first Guinea captain", "aliases": [], "description": "The former mate who takes command of Robinson’s next Guinea voyage after the first captain dies. The ship is captured by a Sallee rover." }, { "name": "The captain of the Sallee rover", "aliases": [ "Robinson’s patron", "Robinson’s master" ], "description": "The captain of the Turkish rover that captures Robinson’s ship and enslaves him. He uses Robinson for domestic work and fishing." }, { "name": "Muley", "aliases": [ "Ismael", "Moely" ], "description": "A Moorish kinsman of Robinson’s enslaver who rows with Robinson and Xury. Robinson tricks him into bringing provisions and supplies before escaping, then forces him to swim back to shore." }, { "name": "Xury", "aliases": [ "the boy" ], "description": "A boy enslaved by Robinson’s patron who helps Robinson escape by boat and remains faithful through their journey along the African coast. Robinson later lets the Portuguese captain take him under an agreement to free him after ten years if he becomes Christian." }, { "name": "The English slave carpenter", "aliases": [ "the carpenter of the ship" ], "description": "An Englishman enslaved by Robinson’s patron who is ordered to build a cabin in the longboat." }, { "name": "The Scotch sailor", "aliases": [ "the Scottish sailor" ], "description": "A sailor aboard the Portuguese ship who speaks to Robinson and helps establish that Robinson is English and has escaped Moorish slavery." }, { "name": "The Brazilian plantation owner", "aliases": [ "the good honest man" ], "description": "An honest man in Brazil who owns a sugar plantation and sugar-house. He takes Robinson in and teaches him about planting and making sugar." }, { "name": "Wells", "aliases": [ "Robinson’s neighbour" ], "description": "A Portuguese man from Lisbon, born to English parents, whose plantation lies beside Robinson’s in Brazil. He and Robinson begin as sociable neighbours with modest means." }, { "name": "Robinson’s servant from Lisbon", "aliases": [ "the servant brought by the Portuguese captain" ], "description": "A servant whom the Portuguese captain buys for Robinson under a six-year service agreement and brings from Lisbon to Brazil." }, { "name": "Robinson’s enslaved African worker", "aliases": [ "the negro slave" ], "description": "A person Robinson buys to work on his Brazilian plantation; the passage gives no individual name." }, { "name": "Robinson’s other European servant", "aliases": [ "the European servant" ], "description": "A European servant Robinson buys for his plantation, in addition to the servant brought from Lisbon; the passage gives no individual name." } ], "analysis": { "sourceSha256": "2736ab1ee69aeb67fc60fbaa994d2f56df504e7040e7ac5b98d54aabd3fcd97b", "generatedAt": "2026-10-26T09:13:22.849167+00:00", "partsProcessed": 9, "extractionWarnings": [], "promptSha256": "9385e4a21325f0621e5589099a8ad97a61d002a9f4df2818821dc1c353ad5c6d", "model": "gpt-6-luna", "pipelineVersion": 1 } }